Rademics Research Institute

Abstract

The rapid expansion of photovoltaic (PV) systems has necessitated significant advancements in power electronics, particularly in the design of efficient DC-AC inverters and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms. Power electronic converters play a critical role in optimizing the energy conversion process, addressing challenges related to efficiency, reliability, and harmonic distortion. This book chapter provides an in-depth exploration of state-of-the-art power electronics in PV systems, focusing on the design and optimization of high-efficiency converters, soft-switching techniques, and MPPT algorithms. Emphasis is placed on advanced converter topologies, including multi-level inverters and transformer-based DC-DC converters, which enhance the performance of PV systems by reducing losses, improving power quality, and facilitating grid integration. The integration of wide-bandgap semiconductors, such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN), is examined for their potential to improve converter efficiency and reduce thermal stress in high-power applications. Cutting-edge MPPT algorithms are discussed, with a focus on maximizing energy harvest under variable environmental conditions. The chapter also addresses the ongoing challenges in harmonic reduction and grid compliance, offering innovative solutions for achieving cleaner power output and enhanced system reliability. This comprehensive review serves as a critical reference for researchers and engineers striving to improve PV system performance and advance the integration of renewable energy into the global grid.

Introduction

The rapid expansion of photovoltaic (PV) systems has necessitated significant advancements in power electronics, particularly in the design of efficient DC-AC inverters and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms. Power electronic converters play a critical role in optimizing the energy conversion process, addressing challenges related to efficiency, reliability, and harmonic distortion. This book chapter provides an in-depth exploration of state-of-the-art power electronics in PV systems, focusing on the design and optimization of high-efficiency converters, soft-switching techniques, and MPPT algorithms. Emphasis is placed on advanced converter topologies, including multi-level inverters and transformer-based DC-DC converters, which enhance the performance of PV systems by reducing losses, improving power quality, and facilitating grid integration. The integration of wide-bandgap semiconductors, such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN), is examined for their potential to improve converter efficiency and reduce thermal stress in high-power applications. Cutting-edge MPPT algorithms are discussed, with a focus on maximizing energy harvest under variable environmental conditions. The chapter also addresses the ongoing challenges in harmonic reduction and grid compliance, offering innovative solutions for achieving cleaner power output and enhanced system reliability. This comprehensive review serves as a critical reference for researchers and engineers striving to improve PV system performance and advance the integration of renewable energy into the global grid.